Sunday, February 21, 2016

Aggregate Supply

-Level of Real GDP that firms will produce at each given Price Level (PL)

Long Run v. Short Run

Long Run:
  • Period of time where input prices are flexible and adjust to changes in the price level
  • Level of Real GDP supplied is independent of the price level
Short Run:
  • Period of time where input prices are sticky and do not adjust to price level change
  • Level of Real GDP is directly related to the price level
Long Run Aggregate Supply (LRAS)

  • Marks level of full employment in economy (analogous to PPC)
  • Because input prices are flexible, changes in price level do not change firms' real profits and therefore do not change a firms' level of output. LRAS is vertical at full employment  

Changes in SRAS (Short Run)

  • Increase is to the right; Decrease is to the left 
per unit cost of production = total input cost 

                                          total output
Determinants:

1.) Input Prices
          -Domestic Resource Prices
               - wages (75% of business costs)
               - cost of capital
               - raw materials (commodity prices)
          -Foreign Resource Price
               - Strong $ = lower foreign resource price
               - Weak $ = higher foreign resource price
          - Market power 
               - increases in resource prices = SRAS shift to the left
               - decrease in resource prices = SRAS shift to the right

2.) Productivity
total output

total input

          - More productivity = lower unit prod. cost: SRAS shifts right
          - Less productivity = higher unit prod. cost: SRAS shifts left 

3.) Legal-Institutional Environment
          - Taxes and Subsidies
               - tax on business increase per unit prod. cost = SRAS shift left
               - subsidies to business reduce per unit prod. cost = SRAS shift right 
          - Government Regulation
               - gov't regulation creates cost of compliance = SRAS shift left 
               - deregulation reduces compliance cost = SRAS shift right

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